Providing accurate information and guidance to expectant mothers who are infected with Hepatitis B or at risk of infection is vital for protecting the health of both the mother and the baby. Here are some recommendations doctors can give to expectant mothers:
Recommendations for expectant mothers with Hepatitis B
The medical information on this site is provided as an information resource only, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes.
1. Hepatitis B Screening and Diagnosis During Pregnancy
- Routine Checkup: Ensure Hepatitis B screening tests are conducted at the beginning of the pregnancy (HBsAg test).
- Family History: If there is a history of Hepatitis B infection in the expectant mother's family, obtain detailed information on this matter.
- Regular Monitoring: Emphasize the importance of regularly monitoring liver function and HBV DNA levels.
2. Recommendations for a Healthy Pregnancy
Nutrition and Lifestyle:
- Recommend a healthy diet that protects the liver (low-fat, high-fiber foods).
- Advise strict avoidance of alcohol, tobacco, and medications that may harm the liver.
Medication Use:
- Emphasize that she must consult her doctor before taking any medication.
3. Information About Antiviral Treatment
If the HBV DNA level is high (HBV DNA is typically >200,000 IU/mL in the test taken at 24 weeks):
- Explain that antiviral treatment can be started in the third trimester and that this reduces the risk of transmitting the virus to the baby during delivery.
- State that reliable options are used to ensure that antiviral medications do not harm the baby.
4. Delivery and Transmission Risk
- Mode of Delivery: State that there is no difference in terms of infection risk between vaginal delivery and cesarean section, but that the decision will be based on the mother's overall health condition.
- Hygiene: Explain that necessary precautions will be taken to minimize contact with blood and bodily fluids during delivery.
5. Protective Measures for the Newborn
Postpartum Vaccination and HBIG Administration:
- Emphasize the importance of the baby receiving the Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) immediately after birth.
- State that this application can protect the baby at a rate of 95%.
Follow-up:
- Remind parents that an antibody test should be performed when the newborn is 9-12 months old.
6. Information on Breastfeeding
- If the baby has been vaccinated after birth, inform the mother that breastfeeding is safe.
- However, if there is bleeding or cracking at the nipple, indicate that additional precautions should be taken.
7. Protection for Family Members
- Recommend that other family members be tested for Hepatitis B and vaccinated if necessary.
- Explain that personal items (razor blades, toothbrushes, etc.) should not be shared at home.
8. Psychological and Social Support
- Reassure expectant mothers that there is an appropriate treatment and prevention plan available to help them avoid anxiety due to Hepatitis B infection.
- Refer them to a support group or counselor if necessary.
9. Prevention and Awareness
- Vaccination: If the expectant mother has not been vaccinated before, ensure she completes the Hepatitis B vaccination series (vaccines are considered safe).
- Hygiene: Recommend avoiding non-sterile medical procedures and ensuring that sterile equipment is used.
- Safe Sex: Point out that her partner should also be vaccinated or tested to prevent transmission through sexual contact.
10. Education and Information
- Provide the expectant mother with information about how Hepatitis B is transmitted, prevention methods, and precautions to take for the baby after birth.
- Communicate clearly and concisely in a language she understands to prevent misunderstandings.
