Since hepatitis B is a disease that can cause both acute and chronic infections, treatment and prevention methods may differ for these two conditions. Additionally, prevention methods are critically important in preventing the spread of infection.
What Are the Treatment and Prevention Methods?
The medical information on this site is provided as an information resource only, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes.
Treatment Methods
1. Acute Hepatitis B
Supportive Treatment: Acute Hepatitis B infection is usually cleared by the immune system on its own. During this process, supportive treatment is administered to alleviate symptoms.
- • Rest and plenty of fluids.
- • Management of symptoms such as fatigue and nausea.
- • Avoidance of alcohol and medications that may damage the liver.
Antiviral medications are generally not required for acute infection.
2. Chronic Hepatitis B
Chronic infection treatment aims to control the spread of the virus and prevent liver damage. Starting treatment early can prevent complications.
Antiviral Drugs: These are used to suppress HBV replication and prevent further liver damage.
Liver Transplant: A liver transplant may be necessary in cases of advanced liver failure or cirrhosis.
Treatment is planned by a specialist based on the individual's level of liver damage and overall health. It is important for chronic hepatitis B patients to be monitored regularly and to have their liver function checked.
Prevention Methods
1. Vaccination
Hepatitis B Vaccine: This is the most effective method of protection against the disease.
- • Newborn babies should be vaccinated immediately after birth.
- • Vaccination programs can be implemented for adults in risk groups.
- • Vaccination is administered in 3 doses and provides 95% protection.
2. Infection Control Measures
- • Avoid Contact with Blood and Body Fluids: Healthcare workers, in particular, should use gloves and protective equipment.
- • Use of Sterile Materials: The use of sterile equipment is mandatory in medical and cosmetic procedures (injections, tattoos, piercings).
- • Do Not Share Personal Items: Sharing items such as razors and toothbrushes should be prevented.
3. Safe Sexual Relations
- • Hepatitis B can be transmitted through sexual contact, so unprotected sex should be avoided and condoms should be used.
4. Perinatal Protection
- • The risk of transmission to babies born to mothers who are Hepatitis B carriers can be minimized by administering the vaccine and Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within the first 12 hours after birth.
5. Education and Awareness
- • The community should be made aware of the transmission routes of Hepatitis B, prevention methods, and the importance of vaccination.
Lifestyle Changes
- • Healthy Diet and Exercise: A balanced diet and regular physical activity are important for supporting liver health.
- • Avoiding Alcohol and Tobacco Use: These should be avoided to prevent further damage to the liver.
Thanks to effective treatment and prevention methods, hepatitis B is a preventable disease. Vaccination, early diagnosis, and regular monitoring play important roles in protecting individual and public health.
