Hepatitis B During Pregnancy

The medical information on this site is provided as an information resource only, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes.

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that is a significant public health problem worldwide and can cause serious damage to the liver. The detection and management of Hepatitis B during pregnancy is critical to protecting the health of both the mother and the baby. Therefore, it is essential for expectant mothers to be aware of this issue and take the necessary precautions for a healthy pregnancy.

The Importance of Hepatitis B During Pregnancy

1. Risk of Transmission from Mother to Baby:

  • The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be transmitted to the baby during birth, not directly through the placenta during pregnancy.
  • The risk of chronic Hepatitis B infection developing in babies born to infected mothers can reach up to 90% if no precautions are taken.

2.Effects on the Baby's Health:

  • Chronic Hepatitis B infection can lead to serious complications in newborns, such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.
  • However, this risk can be greatly reduced with vaccination and immunoglobulin treatment immediately after birth.

3.Effects on Maternal Health:

  • All pregnant women should be screened for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during the first three months of pregnancy.
  • If the expectant mother tests positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA levels, liver function tests, and HBeAg status should be evaluated.

2. Treatment and Prevention:

  • Antiviral Treatment: In mothers with high HBV DNA levels during pregnancy, antiviral treatment may be initiated in the third trimester to prevent transmission to the baby during delivery.
  • Postnatal Vaccination: The risk of transmission from the mother to the baby can be minimized by administering the Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) to the baby within the first 12 hours after birth.

3. Birth Planning:

  • The choice between vaginal delivery or cesarean section does not alter the risk of Hepatitis B transmission.
  • However, the decision should be made considering the mother's overall health condition.

Recommendations for Expectant Mothers

  • Routine Checkups: Continue regular doctor visits during pregnancy and undergo the necessary Hepatitis B tests.
  • Vaccination: If you do not have Hepatitis B infection and have not been vaccinated, consult your doctor to evaluate vaccination.
  • Hygiene and Safety: Be careful in situations such as the use of non-sterile needles or equipment. Also, take personal hygiene precautions when in contact with people who carry Hepatitis B.
  • Get Informed: Learn about the importance of Hepatitis B during pregnancy, its transmission routes, and prevention methods.